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hardware:music_processor [2016/06/13 23:33] ex_writer [MUZCPU Instruction Set] |
hardware:music_processor [2016/06/14 09:01] (current) ex_writer [Port Summary] |
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| ===== MUZCPU Instruction Set ===== | ===== MUZCPU Instruction Set ===== | ||
| - | ^ # of Bytes ^ Instruction ^ Comment ^ | + | ^ # of Bytes ^ Instruction ^ Argument(s) ^ Comment ^ |
| - | | 2 | VOICES,(data) | Sets VOICES = (data) | | + | | 2 | VOICES/VOICEM | M | Load VOICES status register with mask data (M) | |
| - | | 2 | MASTER,(data) | Sets master oscillator TONMO = (data) | | + | | 2 | MASTER | F | Sets master oscillator (TONMO) frequency (F) | |
| - | | 3 | CALL,(address) | (SP) = (PC+3) (PC = address) | | + | | 3 | CALL | A | Music CALL subroutine: (SP) = (PC+3); PC = address | |
| - | | 1 | RET | PC = (SP++) | | + | | 1 | RET | | Music RETurn: PC = (SP++) | |
| - | | 3 | JP,(address) | PC = address | | + | | 3 | JP | A | Music JumP: PC = address | |
| - | | 2 | NOTE1 | Duration, note or data (D1) | | + | | 2 | NOTE1 | D,D1 | Duration, note or data (D1) | |
| - | | 3 | NOTE2 | Duration, D1,D2 | | + | | 3 | NOTE2 | D,D1,D2| Duration, D1,D2 | |
| - | | 4 | NOTE3 | Duration, D1,D2,D3 | | + | | 4 | NOTE3 | | Duration, D1,D2,D3 | |
| - | | 5 | NOTE4 | Duration, D1,D2,D3,D4 | | + | | 5 | NOTE4 | | Duration, D1,D2,D3,D4 | |
| - | | 6 | NOTE5 | Duration, D1,D2,D3,D4,D5 | | + | | 6 | NOTE5 | | Duration, D1,D2,D3,D4,D5 | |
| - | | 2 | REST | Pauses silently for //n// 60<sup>th</sup>s of a second (except in LEGATO mode) | | + | | 2 | REST | n | Pauses silently for //n// 60<sup>th</sup>s of a second (except in LEGATO mode) | |
| - | | 1 | QUIET | Stops music and sets volume = 0 | | + | | 1 | QUIET | | Stops music and sets volume = 0 | |
| - | | 2 | OUTPUT | Port #, Data | | + | | 2 | OUTPUT | p,d | Port #(0–7), Data | |
| - | | 9 | OUTPUT | SNDBX,DATA10,D11,D12,D13,D14,D15,D16,D17 | | + | | 9 | OUTPUT | SNDBX,D10,D11,D12,D13,D14,D15,D16,D17 | Sound block transfer for all 8 output ports via SNDBX ($18) | |
| - | | 3 | VOLUME | Sets volume for (VOLAB), (VOLMC) | | + | | 3 | VOLUME | VOLAB, VOLC | Sets volume Tones A–C | |
| - | | 1 | PUSHN | Push # between 1-16 onto the stack | | + | | 1 | PUSHN | | Push # between 1-16 onto the stack | |
| - | | 1 | CREL | Call relative to next instruction | | + | | 1 | CREL | | Call relative to next instruction | |
| - | | 3 | DSJNZ | Decrement stack top and jump if not 0, else pop stack | | + | | 3 | DSJNZ | A | Decrement stack top and jump to address (a) if not 0, else pop stack | |
| - | | 1 | LEGSTA | Flips between STACATO (notes clipped 1/60<sup>th</sup> of a second before end) and LEGATO (notes flow smoothly from one to the next) modes | | + | | 1 | LEGSTA | | Flips between STACATO (notes clipped 1/60<sup>th</sup> of a second before end) and LEGATO (notes flow smoothly from one to the next) modes | |
| Note: All note durations are limited to a maximum of 127 (i.e., 2.1 seconds) | Note: All note durations are limited to a maximum of 127 (i.e., 2.1 seconds) | ||
| - | <WRAP round help>Testing:\\ * PUSHN creates a loop index that DSJNZ decrements until zero (for looping music sections)?\\ * What does CREL do?\\ * Why NOTE4 and NOTE5?</WRAP> | + | <WRAP round info>The port numbers (0–7) passed to OUTPUT assume that output port $10 (VOLMO) is the "base" port (i.e., port $0). Port numbers are offset from that base. For example, to set Tone B's frequency to $82, one would call OUTPUT $02,$82. This would store the value $82 in output port $12 (TONEB).</WRAP> |
| + | |||
| + | <WRAP round help>Testing:\\ * PUSHN creates a loop index that DSJNZ decrements until zero (for looping music sections)?\\ * What does CREL do?\\ * Why NOTE4 and NOTE5? (Dogpatch uses NOTE4)</WRAP> | ||
| ===== Master Oscillator ===== | ===== Master Oscillator ===== | ||
| Line 63: | Line 65: | ||
| The tone volumes are controlled by output ports $15 (VOLC) and $16 (VOLAB). The lower 4 bits of port $16 set Tone A volume, the upper 4 bits set Tone B volume. The lower 4 bits of port $15 set Tone C volume. Noise can be mixed with the tones by setting bit 5 of port $15 to 1. In this case, the noise volume is given by the upper 4 bits of port $17 (VOLN). In all cases, a volume of 0 is silence and a volume of all 1's is loudest. | The tone volumes are controlled by output ports $15 (VOLC) and $16 (VOLAB). The lower 4 bits of port $16 set Tone A volume, the upper 4 bits set Tone B volume. The lower 4 bits of port $15 set Tone C volume. Noise can be mixed with the tones by setting bit 5 of port $15 to 1. In this case, the noise volume is given by the upper 4 bits of port $17 (VOLN). In all cases, a volume of 0 is silence and a volume of all 1's is loudest. | ||
| - | === Port Summary === | + | === Music Processor Port Summary === |
| <code> | <code> | ||
| Line 119: | Line 121: | ||
| <code z80> | <code z80> | ||
| - | VOICES 11010100B ;ABC=Data 1 | + | VOICES 11010100B ; ABC = Data 1 |
| - | MASTER 0A1H ;ABC=1/2 | + | MASTER 0A1H ; ABC = 1/2 [???] |
| - | VOLUME 88H,08H | + | VOLUME 88H,08H ; Tones ABC set to volume 8 |
| - | NOTE1 12,A1 | + | NOTE1 12,A1 ; Duration, Tone A |
| NOTE1 12,C2 | NOTE1 12,C2 | ||
| NOTE1 24,E2 | NOTE1 24,E2 | ||
| NOTE1 12,C2 | NOTE1 12,C2 | ||
| NOTE1 12,E2 | NOTE1 12,E2 | ||
| - | REST 6 | + | REST 6 ; Pause 1/10th of a second |
| - | VOICES 11110110B ;Suck in Vibrato, AB and C bytes | + | VOICES 11110110B ; Suck in Vibrato, AB and C bytes |
| - | NOTE3 12,14,A2,E2 | + | NOTE3 12,14,A2,E2 ; Duration, Tone A, B, C |
| QUIET | QUIET | ||
| </code> | </code> | ||
| + | <WRAP alert>Example seems wrong (or at least unclear)?</WRAP> | ||
| <WRAP todo>Make audio clip</WRAP> | <WRAP todo>Make audio clip</WRAP> | ||
| ---- | ---- | ||
| - | ==== Example: Football Anthem & Cheer ==== | + | ==== Example: Football National Anthem & Cheer ==== |
| <code z80> | <code z80> | ||
| Line 179: | Line 182: | ||
| LEGSTA | LEGSTA | ||
| QUIET | QUIET | ||
| + | |||
| + | </code> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Example: Astro Battle Base Explosion ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | <code z80> | ||
| + | MUSSTK EQU $4F12 ; Music Stack Pointer | ||
| + | |||
| + | ; [...] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ; Begin Music system routine | ||
| + | SYSSUK BMUSIC ; UPI Begin playing MUSIC | ||
| + | DW MUSSTK ; ... Music Stack = $4F12 | ||
| + | DB $FC ; Setup Voices, Use Tones A, B, and C | ||
| + | DW L28A9 ; Score Address of "Base Exploding" | ||
| + | | ||
| + | ; [...] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ; Sound Effect of "Base Exploding" | ||
| + | L28A9: MASTER 255 ; Set Tone of Master Oscillator to $FF | ||
| + | VOLUME $FF,$1F ; Sets Volumes Tone A = 15, Tone B = 15, Tone C = 15, [and NM = 1] | ||
| + | LEGSTA ; Flip to LEGato from STAccato | ||
| + | OUTPUT $07,$F0 ; Noise Volume = 15 | ||
| + | NOTE3 50,$88,$D4,$F8 ; Duration = 50/60'th of a sec, TC= TB= TA= | ||
| + | VOLUME $CA,$1C ; Sets Volumes Tone A = 10, Tone B = 12, Tone C = 12, [and NM = 1] | ||
| + | OUTPUT $07,$B8 ; Noise Volume = 184 | ||
| + | NOTE3 30,$88,$D2,$FA ; Duration = 30/60'th of a Sec, TC= TB= TA= | ||
| + | VOLUME $BA,$1B ; Sets Volumes Tone A = 10, Tone B = 11, Tone C = 11, [and NM = 1] | ||
| + | OUTPUT $07,$80 ; Noise Volume = 8 | ||
| + | NOTE3 30,$8E,$DD,$FF ; Duration = 30/60'th of a Sec, TC= TB= TA= | ||
| + | VOLUME $86,$16 ; Sets Volumes Tone A = 6, Tone B = 8, Tone C = 6, [and NM = 0] | ||
| + | OUTPUT $07,$00 ; Noise Volume = 0 | ||
| + | NOTE3 25,$90,$E0,$FF ; Duration = 25/60'th of a Sec, TC= TB= TA= | ||
| + | QUIET | ||
| </code> | </code> | ||
